Modes of Human Activities Involving Language

modes of human activities involving language

Modes of Human Activities

Mode of Human Activities Involving Language

There are eight modes of human activities involving learning. These are-

1.       Listening

2.       Speaking

3.       Reading

4.       Writing

5.       Viewing

6.       Shaping

7.       Watching

8.       Moving

Let us discuss them one by one-

1.       Listening: The language of individual begins to develop at birth through listening. It is the basic skill that provides for the development of speaking, reading and writing skills. Children learn language by listening to these around them. They not only listen to the spoken words, but also to the rhythm and intonation pattern of the language they hear.

2.       Speaking: Speaking involves making use of vocal sounds to communicate meaning to others. But these sounds are not produced in an overt effort on the part of a child, but needs effort, practice and training.

3.       Reading: Reading is the interpretation of written symbols. It involves visual perceptions of the symbols and the connection of meaning with those symbols. It is also a way of taking information that has been recorded in print by another person. The reader has to decode a written message in the light of his experience.

modes of human activities involving language

4.       Writing: Writing implies the use of printed words to communicate with others or recording ideas for himself and others. It involves use of graphic motor skills and for a reader to understand what the writer has expressed, there should a commonality of experience related to the written message.

5.       Viewing: Viewing implies interpreting visual media, which includes photographs, illustrations, maps, diagrams as well as video presentation through television, internet, CD’s etc. It can also include live performance in theatres and classroom. The messages received from such media must be comprehended using the same thinking skills needed for comprehending the print material that is read. 

6.       Shaping: It refers to gradually molding or training and organism to perform a specific respond (behavior) by reinforcing any responses that are similar to desired response. A child is to be trained in the art of expressing his thoughts through shapes and figures. His ‘shaping’ should also passes the thinking skills because shaping is also a way of expressing his thoughts. It is a visual form of language.

7.       Watching: It means attending the movements. It refers to looking or observing attentively or carefully the monuments around an organism. It is a way of learning through visual observation. By watching a child comprehends the different aspects and processes inherent in a particular design or program and produces it when necessary.

8.       Moving: It refers to using the whole body or the person himself to perform task. It implies changing or capable of changing positions to produce desired effect.

Listening and Speaking SKills

Through listening and speaking, students will be expected to-

a.       Contribute thoughts, ideas and questions to discussion and compare their own ideas with those of others.

b.       Ask and respond to questions to seek classification.

c.       Defend or support their opinions with evidence.

d.       Listen critically to other’s ideas and perspectives.

e.       Contribute to and respond constructively in small groups and whole group discussions.

f.        Use word choice and emphasis thereby making a conscious attempt to produce the desired effect.

g.       To engage in, respond to and evaluate a variety of oral presentations.

h.       Listen attentively and demonstrate awareness of the needs, rights and feelings of others.

i.         Detect examples of prejudice, stereotyping or biasness in oral language, recognized their negative effect and attempt to use bias free language.

j.         Make a conscious attempt to consider the needs and expectations of their evidence.

Reading and Viewing Skills

Through reading and viewing, students will be expected to-

a.       Select independently text appropriate to their range of interests and learning needs.

b.       Read widely and experience if a variety of children’s literature weight and emphasis in genre and authors.

c.       Use and integrate a variety of reading strategies with increasing independence to construct meaning.

d.       Reflect on and discuss their own processes and strategies in reading and viewing.

e.       Answer with increasing independence their own questions and those of others by selecting relevant information from a variety of texts.

f.        Demonstrate an increasing ability to make connections among texts.

g.       Consider information from alternative perspectives.

h.       Identify the conventions and structure of a variety of print and media texts.

i.         Respond critically to text by applying a growing range of strategies to analyze and evaluate a text as well as demonstrate a growing awareness that all texts reflect a purpose and a perspective. 

However, the trend in the present time is a combination of method rather than using method according to the circumstances or the class. There are also different kinds of materials and techniques of teaching or reading and those have to be made use of by the teacher to develop the habits of correct reading in the students. Flash cards, blackboard etc. can be used to develop reading. Moreover, different skills of reading like loud and silent reading, intensive and extensive reading, skimming, scanning, inferring, extrapolation etc. should be emphasized while developing the reading ability as a whole.

The Writing Skills

The skill of writing is important as it enables the learners-

a.       To learn the motor skills of good handwriting.

b.       To learn spellings, punctuation, use of capital and small letters etc.

c.       To reinforce vocabulary and structures already mastered orally.

d.       To keep a written record of what has been learnt.

e.       To address for achievement tests.

The pupils should be made to write only those structures and vocabulary items which he has practiced orally and read well. The mechanism of writing includes-

a.       To make letters of the right shape and size.

b.       To have proper spacing between letters, words and lines.

c.       To use capital letters and punctuation marks correctly.

d.       To have a fluent hand movement in writing.

Writing, Shaping, Watching and Moving Skills

Through writing, shaping, watching, moving, students are expected to-

a.       Use a range of strategies in writing and other ways of presenting to frame questions, find topics of personal importance, to record, develop and reflect an ideas, to describe feelings, reactions, values and attitudes and to formulate goals for learning and applies strategies to monitor learning.

b.       Make language choices to enhance meaning and achieve interesting effects in imaginative writing and other ways of representing.

c.       Create written and media texts, using and increasing variety of forms and at the same time demonstrate and understanding that each form requires specific features, structure and pattern.

d.       Address the demands of an increasing variety of purposes and evidence.

e.       Select and present strategies to develop effective piece of writing and other representation.

f.        Use technology with increasing proficiency to create, revise, edit and publish texts.

g.       Select, organize and combine relevant information from three to five sources.


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